Profiling and characterization of a longissimus dorsi muscle microRNA dataset from an F2 Duroc × Pietrain pig resource population

To elucidate the effects of microRNA (miRNA) regulation in skeletal muscle of adult pigs, miRNA expression profiling was performed with RNA extracted from longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples from 174 F2 pigs (~ 5.5 months of age) from a Duroc × Pietrain resource population. Total RNA was extracted from LD samples, and libraries were sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform in 1 × 50 bp format. After processing, 232,826,977 total reads were aligned to the Sus scrofa reference genome (v10.2.79), with 74.8% of total reads mapping successfully. The miRDeep2 software package was utilized to quantify annotated Sus scrofa mature miRNAs from miRBase (Release 21) and to predict candidate novel miRNA precursors. Among the retained 295 normalized mature miRNA expression profiles ssc-miR-1, ssc-miR-133a-3p, ssc-miR-378, ssc-miR-206, and ssc-miR-10b were the most abundant, all of which have previously been shown to be expressed in pig skeletal muscle. Additionally, 27 unique candidate novel miRNA precursors were identified exhibiting homologous sequence to annotated human miRNAs. The composition of classes of small RNA present in this dataset was also characterized; while the majority of unique expressed sequence tags were not annotated in any of the queried databases, the most abundantly expressed class of small RNA in this dataset was miRNAs. This data provides a resource to evaluate miRNA regulation of gene expression and effects on complex trait phenotypes in adult pig skeletal muscle. The raw sequencing data were deposited in the Sequence Read Archive, BioProject PRJNA363073.